A new twist to the No Miracles Argument for the success of science

J. D. Trout has recently developed a new defense of scientific realism, a new version of the No Miracles Argument. I critically evaluate Trout's novel defense of realism. I argue that Trout's argument for scientific realism and the related explanation for the success of science are self-defeating. In the process of arguing against the traditional realist strategies for explaining the success of science, he inadvertently undermines his own argument.     

TiOF2光催化降解甲基橙的影响因素研究

通过溶胶-凝胶法制备氟氧钛（TiOF₂）花状纳米球，采用X射线粉末衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、傅里叶红外光谱分析仪（FT-IR）和固体紫外漫反射仪（UV-Vis DRS）等手段对TiOF₂花状纳米球进行表征分析，并通过实验探究了不同条件下TiOF₂对甲基橙染料废水的光催化降解性能。在300 W氙灯模拟太阳光照射2.5 h条件下，质量浓度0.5 g/L TiOF₂光催化剂对初始质量浓度20 mg/L、pH呈中性、体积为100 mL的甲基橙染料废水在20 ℃反应条件下降解效果最佳，催化降解率可达97.3%。此结果说明所制备的TiOF₂光催化剂对甲基橙染料废水具有良好的光催化活性。     

创新开展新时期科技名词规范化工作,努力发挥支撑服务作用

科技名词规范化工作具有深厚的历史基础和现实需要,是支撑科技创新和经济社会发展的一项基础性系统工程。当前,中国特色社会主义进入新时代,我们要深刻领会“新时代”的丰富内涵,深化认识科技名词规范化工作的特殊意义,创新开展各项工作,更好肩负起新时代赋予的历史使命。     

Theoretical construction in physics – The role of Leibniz for Weyl's ‘Philosophie der Mathematik und Naturwissenschaft’

This paper aims at closing a gap in recent Weyl research by investigating the role played by Leibniz for the development and consolidation of Weyl's notion of theoretical (symbolic) construction. For Weyl, just as for Leibniz, mathematics was not simply an accompanying tool when doing physics—for him it meant the ability to engage in well-guided speculations about a general framework of reality and experience. The paper first introduces some of the background of Weyl's notion of theoretical construction and then discusses particular Leibnizian inheritances in Weyl's ‘Philosophie der Mathematik und Naturwissenschaft’, such as the general appreciation of the principles of sufficient reason and of continuity. Afterwards the paper focuses on three themes: first, Leibniz's primary quality phenomenalism, which according to Weyl marked the decisive step in realizing that physical qualities are never apprehended directly; second, the conceptual relation between continuity and freedom; and third, Leibniz's notion of ‘expression’, which allows for a certain type of (surrogative) reasoning by structural analogy and which gave rise to Weyl's optimism regarding the scope of theoretical construction.     

基于深度学习的建筑物识别

针对随着城市化的快速发展,城市与城市间的辨识度越来越弱,城市地标的概念越来越热门这一现象,提出了一种基于深度学习的建筑物识别方法;使用改进的Faster R-CNN算法作为训练模型,首先,将需要识别的图片输入深度神经网络,提取出特征框图;然后,模型通过区域建议网络预测目标建筑物所在位置的区域建议,并将这些区域建议映射到特征框图上,RoI Pooling层将这些区域建议转换成固定大小的特征框图;最后使用非极大值抑制从预测边界框中移除相似的结果,得到预测边界框以及边框中目标建筑物的类别和概率;实验结果表明:在训练数据集充足的条件下,使用此方法对地标建筑物的识别率能达到90. 8%,通过与其他模型比较分析,该模型具有较好的识别效果。     

New theories for new instruments: Fabrizio Mordente's proportional compass and the genesis of Giordano Bruno's atomist geometry

The aim of this article is to shed light on an understudied aspect of Giordano Bruno's intellectual biography, namely, his career as a mathematical practitioner. Early interpreters, especially, have criticized Bruno's mathematics for being “outdated” or too “concrete”. However, thanks to developments in the study of early modern mathematics and the rediscovery of Bruno's first mathematical writings (four dialogues on Fabrizio's Mordente proportional compass), we are in a position to better understand Bruno's mathematics. In particular, this article aims to reopen the question of whether Bruno anticipated the concept of infinitesimal quantity. It does so by providing an analysis of the dialogues on Mordente's compass and of the historical circumstances under which those dialogues were written.     

基于SEM的高校体育教育学生满意度研究

借助"顾客满意度"理论,构建高校体育教育学生满意度测量量表.运用因子分析理论,对"感知质量"变量进行探索性因子分析,运用参数检验的方法对各变量在性别上的差异性做对比分析,运用结构方程模型的方法,对高校体育教育学生满意度模型中的5个变量进行相关性分析.因子分析结果表明,高校体育教育服务感知质量包括"体育硬件感知""体育教学感知"和"课外体育感知"3个维度;各变量的均值及差异性对比分析结果表明,学生对高校体育教育的"感知质量""感知价值"和"总体满意度"评分偏低,男生评分低于女生;结构方程模型分析结果表明,"体育硬件"对"总体满意度"有直接和间接的影响,"体育教学"通过中介变量"感知价值"对"总体满意度"有间接的影响.     

医疗卫生工作者心理健康水平现状

 为了解医疗卫生工作者心理健康水平的现状，从2017年科技工作者心理状况调查的数据中选取医疗卫生工作者样本1463人，同时抽取其他科技工作者1441人作为对照组。调查结果发现：医疗卫生工作者抑郁风险低于对照组，焦虑和自杀意念与对照组无显著差异，工作倦怠及情感衰竭度显著高于对照组；医疗卫生工作者心理健康群体差异明显，50岁后抑郁和焦虑水平均降低，正高级职称人群的抑郁和焦虑水平均较低。情绪调控方式上，压制组表现出更多的抑郁和焦虑风险；同时，医疗卫生工作者存在睡眠时间不足、运动次数和运动时长不足、工作时长过长的问题；在心理健康服务方面，医疗卫生工作者整体优于对照组。建议改善医疗卫生工作者工作时长和工作压力，倡导健康生活方式，并提高情绪调节能力。     

基于语料库的西藏白皮书内的专名翻译研究

西藏白皮书的编写与发布在外宣工作中占据着重要位置,而其中西藏专名翻译规范性的重要性也较为突出。本文使用语料库的技术,对西藏白皮书内的专名翻译进行了分析。在专名的翻译过程中,存在着一名同译、一名多译、增译与省译并存、音译与意译并存等多种翻译现象与翻译方法。有鉴于此,文内提出应规范转写方案,审定西藏专名,统一翻译方法。     

γ能谱Compton抑制的MCNP模拟

用Monte Carlo程序(MCNP)模拟主探头外包NaI(Tl)晶体构成阱型反Compton谱仪的输出谱. 通过调整FU卡参数, 实现对外探测器中脉冲高度的筛选, 给出反Compton抑制谱和Compton电子谱, 验证MCNP的FU卡在反符合测量中的使用方法, 并分析外探测器厚度对反Compton谱的影响.